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Fund metrics
Net IRR

Net IRR

A net-of-fee read on fund performance, expressed as distributions against paid-in capital and framed against the break-even line, rather than a time-annualized rate.

Percentage

$

Cumulative cash returned to LPs, net of fees & carry

$

Capital called from LPs to date

Computed — distributions ÷ paid-in capital

Net position vs. paid-in

–.––×
Paid-in capital
Net distributions

Awaiting inputs.

Paid-in Distributed
Net multiple = Distributions ÷ Paid-in capital =

Formula

Net position=Total DistributionTotal Paid-in Capital\text{Net position} = \dfrac{\text{Total Distribution}}{\text{Total Paid-in Capital}}
Cumulative cash returned to LPs, net of fees and carryCapital called from LPs to date

What it measures

How LPs' net-of-fee distributions compare to what they've paid in, visualized as a spread against the 100%-of-paid-in break-even line — the fee-drag lens on fund performance.

Why it matters

LPs want to see performance after everything the GP charges has already come out. This view puts net distributions directly against paid-in capital so the gap — the 'spread' — is immediately visible, without needing to do the division mentally.

How to read it

A net position of 145% (a spread of +45 points) means LPs have received distributions equal to 145% of what they paid in, net of fees and carry. Read the spread, not just the raw percentage: a positive spread means LPs are ahead of break-even; a negative spread ('drag') means they haven't yet recovered their paid-in capital.

What good looks like

Good

Net position tracking meaningfully above the 100%-of-paid-in break-even line and growing.

Watch

Net position flat near the break-even line for an extended period.

Bad

Net position well below break-even with limited unrealized value to bridge the gap.

Watch-outs

  • Reading this as a compounded annual rate — it does not account for the timing of cash flows the way a true annualized IRR does.
  • Comparing this figure directly to a dated-cash-flow XIRR from another source — the two are not computed the same way.
  • Ignoring unrealized value (RPI) when this reading shows a negative spread — a fund can be below break-even on net distributions while still holding meaningful unrealized value.

Worked example

Hypothetical

Net position=$29M$20M=145%\text{Net position} = \dfrac{\$29\text{M}}{\$20\text{M}} = 145\%

LPs have paid in $20M and received $29M in net distributions. Net position = $29M ÷ $20M = 145% of paid-in, a spread of +45 points over break-even.

FAQ

Is this the same as a true annualized Net IRR?

Not as currently implemented — this reading is net distributions expressed as a percentage of paid-in capital, without a time or holding-period component. For an annualized figure, see Gross IRR, which does incorporate a holding period.

What does a negative spread mean?

It means net distributions to date are below 100% of paid-in capital — LPs haven't yet received their capital back in cash, net of fees and carry. This is common early in a fund's life and a concern only if it persists well past the fund's typical realization period.

How is this different from Net Multiple?

It's the same underlying ratio (net distributions ÷ paid-in capital), presented as a percentage-point spread against a 100% break-even line instead of as a raw multiple like 1.45x.

Related

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